First Upload: Wednesday March 13, 2019
Last Modified:
Author: Eduardo Freire Canosa
I grant the entire contents of this webpage to the public domain
1 An oracle concerning the Valley of Vision: What troubles you now, that you have all gone up on the roofs,
2 O town full of commotion, O city of tumult and revelry? Your slain were not killed by the sword, nor did they die in battle.
3 All your leaders have fled together; they have been captured without using the bow. All you who were caught were taken prisoner together, having fled while the enemy was still far away.
4 Therefore I said, "Turn away from me; let me weep bitterly. Do not try to console me over the destruction of my people."
5 The Lord, the Lord Almighty, has a day of tumult and trampling and terror in the Valley of Vision, a day of battering down walls and of crying out to the mountains.
6 Elam takes up the quiver, with her charioteers and horses; Kir uncovers the shield.
7 Your choicest valleys are full of chariots, and horsemen are posted at the city gates;
8 the defenses of Judah are stripped away. And you looked in that day to the weapons in the Palace of the Forest;
9 you saw that the City of David had many breaches in its defenses; you stored up water in the Lower Pool.
10 You counted the buildings in Jerusalem and tore down houses to strengthen the wall.
11 You built a reservoir between the two walls for the water of the Old Pool, but you did not look to the One who made it, or have regard for the One who planned it long ago.
12 The Lord, the Lord Almighty, called you on that day to weep and to wail, to tear out your hair and put on sackcloth.
13 But see, there is joy and revelry, slaughtering of cattle and killing of sheep, eating of meat and drinking of wine! "Let us eat and drink," you say, "for tomorrow we die!"
14 The Lord Almighty has revealed this in my hearing: "Till your dying day this sin will not be atoned for," says the Lord, the Lord Almighty.
15 This is what the Lord, the Lord Almighty, says: "Go, say to this steward, to Shebna, who is in charge of the palace:
16 What are you doing here and who gave you permission to cut out a grave for yourself here, hewing your grave on the height and chiseling your resting place in the rock?
17 "Beware, the Lord is about to take firm hold of you and hurl you away, O you mighty man.
18 He will roll you up tightly like a ball and throw you into a large country. There you will die and there your splendid chariots will remain—you disgrace to your master's house!
19 I will depose you from your office, and you will be ousted from your position.
20 "In that day I will summon my servant, Eliakim son of Hilkiah.
21 I will clothe him with your robe and fasten your sash around him and hand your authority over to him. He will be a father to those who live in Jerusalem and to the house of Judah.
22 I will place on his shoulder the key to the house of David; what he opens no one can shut, and what he shuts no one can open.
23 I will drive him like a peg into a firm place; he will be a seat of honor for the house of his father.
24 All the glory of his family will hang on him: its offspring and offshoots—all its lesser vessels, from the bowls to all the jars.
25 "In that day," declares the Lord Almighty, "the peg driven into the firm place will give way; it will be sheared off and will fall, and the load hanging on it will be cut down." The Lord has spoken.
Fourteen canonical verses are exported to five revisions.
Revised Chapter 22 selects the eleven canonical verses left, does not import any verses and has the title, "Shebna."
The canonical text incorporated in the revision is pristine, the sole task is to split it up into paragraphs.
1-3. An oracle concerning the Valley of Vision: What troubles you now, that you have all gone up on the roofs, 2 O town full of commotion, O city of tumult and revelry? Your slain were not killed by the sword, nor did they die in battle. 3 All your leaders have fled together; they have been captured without using the bow. All you who were caught were taken prisoner together, having fled while the enemy was still far away.
Explanation: This incident occurred in the eleventh year of King Zedekiah. The Babylonians broke through the city wall and the whole army fled at night toward the Arabah, but the Babylonian army gave pursuit and overtook the king in the plains of Jericho (2 Kings 25:4-5).
Destination: Revised Chapter 21, "Four Short Oracles."
4. Therefore I said, "Turn away from me; let me weep bitterly. Do not try to console me over the destruction of my people."
Analysis: This misplaced verse makes sense only at the close of Isaiah's vision of the Lord after the prophet has been informed about the pending chastisement of his people (Isaiah 6:11-13).
Destination: Revised Chapter 6, "The Vision of The Lord."
5. The Lord, the Lord Almighty, has a day of tumult and trampling and terror in the Valley of Vision, a day of battering down walls and of crying out to the mountains.
Explanation: This verse prolongs verses 1-3. The "Valley of Vision" is probably Topheth (Jeremiah 7:30-33, 19:1-6).
Destination: Revised Chapter 21, "Four Short Oracles."
6. Elam takes up the quiver, with her charioteers and horses; Kir uncovers the shield.
Explanation: Kir lay in Moab (Isaiah 15:1).
Destination: Revised Chapter 15, "Moab,"
6 Elam takes up the quiver, with her charioteers and horses; Kir uncovers the shield. Second Half of 15:4 Therefore the armed men of Moab cry out, and their hearts are faint.
7-13. Your choicest valleys are full of chariots, and horsemen are posted at the city gates; 8 the defenses of Judah are stripped away. And you looked in that day to the weapons in the Palace of the Forest; 9 you saw that the City of David had many breaches in its defenses; you stored up water in the Lower Pool. 10 You counted the buildings in Jerusalem and tore down houses to strengthen the wall. 11 You built a reservoir between the two walls for the water of the Old Pool, but you did not look to the One who made it, or have regard for the One who planned it long ago. 12 The Lord, the Lord Almighty, called you on that day to weep and to wail, to tear out your hair and put on sackcloth. 13 But see, there is joy and revelry, slaughtering of cattle and killing of sheep, eating of meat and drinking of wine! "Let us eat and drink," you say, "for tomorrow we die!"
Explanation: These seven verses describe the invasion of Judah during the monarchy of Ahaz, "the defenses of Judah are stripped away" (v 8). The strategy followed for the defense of Jerusalem (verses 9-11) could just as well apply to the siege of Sennacherib except for the difference that King Hezekiah, the leading priests and his officials did put on sackcloth (2 Kings 19:1-2).
Destination: Revised Chapter 1, "The Invasion of Judah During the Reign of Ahaz."
14. The Lord Almighty has revealed this in my hearing: "Till your dying day this sin will not be atoned for," says the Lord, the Lord Almighty.
Analysis: The sin committed is unpardonable. But is inopportune feasting and saying, "Let us eat and drink, for tomorrow we die!" (v 13) worse than the king's covert murder of a loyal officer? (2 Samuel 11) Is it worse than idolatry, which is forgivable upon repentance? (Isaiah 27:9). Is it worse than all the sins of King Manasseh son of Hezekiah which prompted the Lord to make the people of Judah "abhorrent to all the kingdoms of the earth" yet the king himself attained ultimate pardon through repentance? (2 Kings 21:1-16, 2 Chronicles 33:1-16, Jeremiah 15:4). Surely not.
Supplementary: The sentence, "The Lord Almighty has [said] in my hearing," occurs here and on Isaiah 5:9.
Destination: Revised Chapter 5, "The Vineyard of The Lord,"
5:20 Woe to those who call evil good and good evil, who put darkness for light and light for darkness, who put bitter for sweet and sweet for bitter. 14 The Lord Almighty has revealed this in my hearing: "Till your dying day this sin will not be atoned for," says the Lord, the Lord Almighty.
15 This is what the Lord, the Lord Almighty, says: Go, say to this steward, to Shebna, who is in charge of the palace: 16 "What are you doing here and who gave you permission to cut out a grave for yourself here, hewing your grave on the height and chiseling your resting place in the rock? 17 Beware, the Lord is about to take firm hold of you and hurl you away, O you mighty man. 18 He will roll you up tightly like a ball and throw you into a large country. There you will die and there your splendid chariots will remain—you disgrace to your master's house!
19 "I will depose you from your office, and you will be ousted from your position. 20 In that day I will summon my servant, Eliakim son of Hilkiah. 21 I will clothe him with your robe and fasten your sash around him and hand your authority over to him."
He will be a father to those who live in Jerusalem and to the house of Judah. 22 I will place on his shoulder the key to the house of David; what he opens no one can shut, and what he shuts no one can open. 23 I will drive him like a peg into a firm place; he will be a seat of honor for the house of his father. 24 All the glory of his family will hang on him: its offspring and offshoots—all its lesser vessels, from the bowls to all the jars.
25 "In that day," declares the Lord Almighty, "the peg driven into the firm place will give way; it will be sheared off and will fall, and the load hanging on it will be cut down." The Lord has spoken.
|
Click below for a PDF version of this webpage
|